![]() The substrate also needs to be suitable for the rats to dig and forage in, and should soak up pee without becoming soggy thus preventing bad odours. How deep is your cage base? If it’s not deep enough to keep in at least two inches of substrate then you need to consider upgrading your cage or creating a perspex base to allow for a deep enough layer. ![]() When you are looking for a good substrate you need to consider a few things. Substrate serves a few different purposes it is there to soak up urine (this is why no substrate isn’t an option!), and substrate is also key to provide enrichment for the rats because they can dig in it, nest with it and forage for food in it (see the post on nuggets and scatter feeding for more info). Substrate is the stuff you put at the bottom of the cage that fills the base- it’s the thing you will use the most of in the cage. It’s common to see people using litter where they would be better using substrate, using a substrate that is unsuitable, or occasionally not using a substrate at all! The terminology can certainly be confusing so let’s go through the difference between substrate, litter, and bedding, and talk about what makes a good example of each, examples of unsuitable options, and some popular brand names you can find in the UK.
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